It looks like component store corruption to me. The CBS log contains some 80070002 (File not found) entries such as this:
2022-07-01 08:50:38, Error CSI 00000082 (F) Installer: Setup Print To PDF Installer Binary Name: PrintAdvancedInstaller.dll ErrorCode: 80070002 Phase: 38 Mode: Install (first install) Component: Microsoft-Windows-Printing-PrintToPDF, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35, ProcessorArchitecture=amd64, versionScope=NonSxS[gle=0x80004005]
2022-07-01 08:50:38, Error CSI 0000005d@2022/7/1:15:50:38.504 (F) onecore\base\wcp\plugins\printadvancedinstaller\dll\setupmpdwai.cpp(944): Error HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) originated in function Windows::WCP::SetupMpdwAI::InstallMpdwDriverStoreAndDriver expression: ::InstallPrinterDriverFromPackageW(pwszServer, pwszInfPath, g_wszpDriverNameValue, pwszEnvironment, dwFlags) [gle=0x80004005]
... and that subsequently caused the error 0x800F0922 (recorded in the DISM.log)
2022-07-01 08:50:41, Info DISM DISM Package Manager: PID=10456 TID=8908 Error in operation: (null) (CBS HRESULT=0x800f0922) - CCbsConUIHandler::Error
Can you also upload the "C:\Windows\INF\setupapi.dev.log" file?
Meanwhile, you can check the current state of Microsoft Print to PDF feature (installed or not) using this DISM command:
dism /online /get-featureinfo /featurename:Printing-PrintToPDFServices-Features
The output look like the one below:
Feature Information:
Feature Name : Printing-PrintToPDFServices-Features
Display Name : Microsoft Print to PDF
Description : Provides binaries on the system for creating the Microsoft Print to PDF Print Queue
Restart Required : Possible
State : Enabled
If the "State" is "Enabled", you may run this command to query the Microsoft Print to PDF printer info:
RUNDLL32.EXE PRINTUI.DLL,PrintUIEntry /Xg /n "Microsoft Print to PDF"
If the PDF printer is not installed, you'll see the error "Operation could not be completed (error 0x00000709)"
In the case of component store corruption, we have two choices:
Option 1) Run a repair installation of Windows 11. Full instructions are here → Perform a Repair Upgrade Using the Windows 11
Option 2) Re-run DISM... RestoreHealth. But this time mention the source (Install.wim in the Windows 11 ISO/USB Setup disk) image.