I created a new USB with the Media tool which now has D:\Sources\install.esd. I basically got the same results:
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19041.2006]
(c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
X:\Sources>diskpart
Microsoft DiskPart version 10.0.19041.964
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.
On computer: MININT-FLRVJ2I
DISKPART> list vol
Volume ### Ltr Label Fs Type Size Status Info
---------- --- ----------- ----- ---------- ------- --------- --------
Volume 0 C NTFS Partition 476 GB Healthy
Volume 1 E NTFS Partition 853 MB Healthy Hidden
Volume 2 D ESD-USB FAT32 Removable 28 GB Healthy
X:\Sources>dism /Get-WimInfo /WimFile:D:\Sources\install.esd
Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.19041.1949
Details for image : D:\Sources\install.esd
Index : 1
Name : Windows 10 Home
Description : Windows 10 Home
Size : 15,098,360,792 bytes
Index : 2
Name : Windows 10 Home N
Description : Windows 10 Home N
Size : 14,326,729,982 bytes
Index : 3
Name : Windows 10 Home Single Language
Description : Windows 10 Home Single Language
Size : 15,101,147,257 bytes
Index : 4
Name : Windows 10 Education
Description : Windows 10 Education
Size : 15,438,612,142 bytes
Index : 5
Name : Windows 10 Education N
Description : Windows 10 Education N
Size : 14,676,047,995 bytes
Index : 6
Name : Windows 10 Pro
Description : Windows 10 Pro
Size : 15,435,570,649 bytes
Index : 7
Name : Windows 10 Pro N
Description : Windows 10 Pro N
Size : 14,673,174,575 bytes
The operation completed successfully.
X:\Sources>dism /Image:C:\ /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth /Source:ESD:D:\Sources\install.esd:6 /ScratchDir=C:\temp /logpath:c:\dism.log
Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.19041.1949
Image Version: 10.0.19045.2364
[==========================100.0%==========================]
Error: 0x800f081f
The source files could not be found.
Use the "Source" option to specify the location of the files that are required to restore the feature. For more information on specifying a source location, see https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=243077.
The DISM log file can be found at c:\dism.log
X:\Sources>
Here are some of the errors from the dism log file. There are 600+ lines of similar errors:
2022-12-29 12:02:29, Error CSI 00000008 (F) CertCreateCTLContext returned ERROR_INVALID_DATA.
2022-12-29 12:02:29, Error CSI 00000009@2022/12/29:20:02:29.240 (F) Attempting to mark store corrupt with category [l:14 ml:15]'CorruptCatalog'[gle=0x80004005]
2022-12-29 12:02:29, Error CSI 0000000a@2022/12/29:20:02:29.240 (F) onecore\base\wcp\componentstore\corruptionrepair.cpp(71): Store corruption detected in function `anonymous-namespace'::VerifyManifestAgainstCatalog expression: 0
2022-12-29 12:02:30, Error CSI 0000004f (F) CertCreateCTLContext returned ERROR_INVALID_DATA.
2022-12-29 12:02:30, Error CSI 00000050@2022/12/29:20:02:30.787 (F) Attempting to mark store corrupt with category [l:14 ml:15]'CorruptCatalog'[gle=0x80004005]
2022-12-29 12:02:30, Error CSI 00000051@2022/12/29:20:02:30.787 (F) onecore\base\wcp\componentstore\corruptionrepair.cpp(71): Store corruption detected in function `anonymous-namespace'::VerifyManifestAgainstCatalog expression: 0
2022-12-29 12:02:44, Error CSI 000003d7@2022/12/29:20:02:44.772 (F) onecore\base\wcp\rtllib\win32lib\delta_library.cpp(287): Error NTSTATUS_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INVALID_DATA) originated in function Windows::Rtl::DeltaDecompressBuffer expression: g_pfnApplyDeltaB(( (DELTA_FLAG_TYPE)0x00000000 ), ReferenceInput, CompressedInput, &UncompressedOutput)
2022-12-29 12:02:44, Error CSI 000003d8 (F) Hydration failed with error NTSTATUS_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INVALID_DATA) . Delta Type: Reverse Delta , IntegrityState Valid: true , RetrievedChecksum: 3507685353 , ComputedChecksum: 3507685353[gle=0x80004005]
2022-12-29 12:02:44, Error CSI 000003d9 (F) Hydration failed for component dual_bthprint.inf, version 10.0.19041.1806, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver' on file bthprint.inf with NTSTATUS -1073283059. Matching Component = dual_bthprint.inf, version 10.0.19041.1806, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver'. FileHasForwardReverseDeltas = true[gle=0x80004005]
2022-12-29 12:02:59, Error CSI 000003e0@2022/12/29:20:02:59.834 (F) onecore\base\wcp\rtllib\win32lib\delta_library.cpp(287): Error NTSTATUS_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INVALID_DATA) originated in function Windows::Rtl::DeltaDecompressBuffer expression: g_pfnApplyDeltaB(( (DELTA_FLAG_TYPE)0x00000000 ), ReferenceInput, CompressedInput, &UncompressedOutput)
2022-12-29 12:02:59, Error CSI 000003e1 (F) Hydration failed with error NTSTATUS_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INVALID_DATA) . Delta Type: Reverse Delta , IntegrityState Valid: true , RetrievedChecksum: 4250705628 , ComputedChecksum: 4250705628[gle=0x80004005]
2022-12-29 12:02:59, Error CSI 000003e2 (F) Hydration failed for component dual_pci.inf, version 10.0.19041.1949, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver' on file pci.inf with NTSTATUS -1073283059. Matching Component = dual_pci.inf, version 10.0.19041.1949, arch amd64, nonSxS, pkt {l:8 b:31bf3856ad364e35}, type [l:14]'dualModeDriver'. FileHasForwardReverseDeltas = true[gle=0x80004005]
2022-12-29 12:06:06, Error CBS Failed to parse package manifest: \?\C:\Windows\Servicing\Packages\HyperV-HvSocket-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19041.1706.mum [HRESULT = 0x800f0900 - CBS_E_XML_PARSER_FAILURE]
2022-12-29 12:06:06, Error CBS Failed to parse package manifest: \?\C:\Windows\Servicing\Packages\HyperV-IsolatedVM-SVC-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19041.1706.mum [HRESULT = 0x800f0900 - CBS_E_XML_PARSER_FAILURE]
2022-12-29 12:06:06, Error CBS Failed to parse package manifest: \?\C:\Windows\Servicing\Packages\Microsoft-Hyper-V-Package-base-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19041.1682.mum [HRESULT = 0x800f0900 - CBS_E_XML_PARSER_FAILURE]
2022-12-29 12:06:06, Error CBS Failed to parse package manifest: \?\C:\Windows\Servicing\Packages\Microsoft-OneCore-EventLogAPI-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19041.1682.mum [HRESULT = 0x800f0900 - CBS_E_XML_PARSER_FAILURE]
2022-12-29 12:06:07, Error CBS Failed to parse package manifest: \?\C:\Windows\Servicing\Packages\Package_10_for_KB5005699~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~19041.1220.1.0.mum [HRESULT = 0x800f0900 - CBS_E_XML_PARSER_FAILURE]
2022-12-29 12:06:07, Error CBS Failed to parse package manifest: \?\C:\Windows\Servicing\Packages\Package_10_for_KB5014035~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~19041.1737.1.2.mum [HRESULT = 0x800f0900 - CBS_E_XML_PARSER_FAILURE]