After giving up on this issue for a few days (or has it been a week? hard to keep track now that my college semester has started)-- I decided to give the ISO fix another try, but no dice for me.
Received a Windows 11 has failed to install type of message--same as last time unfortunately.
The recent Security Intelligence Update for Windows Defender worked, but 22H2 is stuck in limbo.
It's almost funny looking through the update history in the Settings panel, and seeing all of the "failed to install" messages for the two cumulative updates.