Here's what I found out. The problem is a defective DC jack on the laptop. Has a missing center plastic cylinder. the metal probes are still there, but with no housing support, so unless I looked into the DC jack with a flashlight I wouldn't have guessed
there was a problem with the Power. This configuration powered up the laptop, AND charged the battery, so by first guess, power was ok, but probably not within specs. Now, just switching to battery would not work on the HP model. in order for the battery to
allow it to work properly, I had to first boot into BIOS and select "default settings" (basically clearing the CMOS/BIOS). if this step is omitted, rebooting with just the battery power, or just unplugging the power adaptor would not unlock the slow down.
In order for the full CPU speed to come back to normal, clearing the BIOS, and rebooting without the power adaptor had to be performed. As long as the power adaptor was not reinserted, and there was power in the battery, I could do many reboots, and the CPU
speed was normal. as soon as I would plug in the adaptor, it would drop back down to .5Ghz (CPU is 2.1GHZ). And it would stay in that locked state even if I removed the power adaptor, or rebooted, or both, unless the BIOS has been reset without the power adaptor
plugged in. Go figure. Bad DC jack. What threw me off at first as it being related to the power, was by just disconnecting the power adaptor, didn't fix the issue. Even a reboot without the adaptor plugged in wouldn't work either, had to clear the BIOS first.
weird...