That is exactly what I was saying when I said "Login to OneDrive." I'm on an enterprise account, and whenever we have a required password update, I have noticed that there are instances where OneDrive is logged out. Usually, you can tell if you tell OneDrive to log in. Also, when I had the issue, I could see the OneDrive icon in my task tray, but I noticed that when I opened it, I was not logged in.
My OneDrive users are definitely logged in though and the icon shows its signed in. Intune/GPO is pushing the 'Silently Sign In' command and that's working.
Just been playing with Chrome SSO and when I launch View online from the OneDrive client in the task tray I now have it launching a browser and SSO happening, no auth request. Not fixed the lack of File Explorer context menus though :(