I was getting the same error too and after 4 days of trying to find solutios everywhere, I have found the culprit.
My setup was office 365(business acct) + OneDrive(business acct) running and logged in.
Personal outlook.com acct connected through OneDrive only, not outlook connection to this one.
Everytiome I restarted my pc it would give me the same error, but no cluee which acct was the one giving it out, so after so many tries I found out it was the one drive acct from the personal one. so what I did was:
I went to my personal outlook acct online and in preferences disablde 2 step verification and now it works like a charm.
Just wanted to get it out there for those who have the same setup like me.
of course after i got a new app spefcific password, i reenabled 2fa, and still works.