Hi Craig,
Welcome to Microsoft Community. I'd be glad to assist you on your concern with regards to syncing your Outlook.com calendar to Google calendar.
Syncing your calendar with another calendar usually takes place within 24 to 48 hours and it can't be changed. If it does not sync within that time range, it is already an issue.
On you other concern about Outlook.com and Outlook sync, are the steps you included related to syncing your Outlook.com to Office Outlook email client.
We're looking forward to your response.
Thank you.
Why so long? For me it is 48 - 72 hours.
Google refreshes every 16 hours or so.
Why don't you change this refresh rate to every 4-8 hours?
You would have happier users and some might jump ship from Google for Outlook.com.
This refresh rate makes people jump ship to Google. (Google SYNCS every 16 HOURS!!!)