For whatever it is worth, after all this time, I had the same issue.
I was able to log in with a password but not a PIN.
Check: Event viewer – Microsoft – Windows – HelloForBusiness – Operational and let us know the error code. For me, I had to access Edit group policy and change:
Computer Configuration > Policies > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Public Key Policies > Certificate Services Client - Auto-Enrollment
to ENABLE.
Then I removed the PIN from Windows settings and added it again, and everything is working fine.
I think this applies to Windows Pro or Enterprise.