(1) Ask Cortana for "MSInfo32". Then "System Model" should be the model number. Otherwise, see...
https://www.asus.com/us/support/Article/565/
How to Find Model Name
However, I can't find a list of ASUS models that are compatible with 1803 specifically. There are lists speaking of other versions of
Windows 10, like...
https://www.asus.com/us/support/FAQ/1013416
Windows 10 - Which model supports upgrade to Windows 10?
But there will be a site for your ASUS model that will have firmware & driver updates. It's important to take at least the BIOS & other firmware updates that apply. Sometimes a computer will need them to be compatible with new Windows versions.
Take the driver updates as well, if any. I would check that the driver is for a device that your computer actually has (shows up in Device Manager), because all computers of the same model may not be equipped the same. However, likely ASUS is smart enough
that an inappropriate driver will simply refuse to install.
(2) Yeah, probably you've got plenty free on C:, or you'd be getting messages about that without even running the upgrade. Obviously, just open File Explorer to see how much space is free, though. Right-click C:, & select "Properties".
(3) If the RX 570 is easily unpluggable, I think I'd do that. I think the URL means easily unpluggable USB devices should be unplugged for the upgrade.
(4) For hard drive errors, I think the Windows way is sufficient. Right-click C: in File Explorer, & select "Properties". At the Tools tab, click "Check". Have it do the check, even if it says it is unnecessary.
This will be speedy - just minutes compared to the hours of ChkDsk. ChkDsk ran 12+ hours for me!
(5) It might be a good idea to do a Clean Start for the upgrade. It is easily undone afterwards.
(6) What is Redstone 5 - 1809? What did you do with that?