I have been researching this problem for weeks and I don't know if you have resolved your problem already?
I just received a post from Microsoft Community and it seems to be that if you have any Anti-Virus or Spyware program besides Windows Defender running it will automatically disable it or shut it off! I just purchased a new Dell computer with Windows 8.1 and they always use McAfee Anti-Virus and Spyware which when installed will disable Windows Defender automatically which I didn't know? I have used Avast Anti-Virus for 12 yrs! No Problems!
The post told me to download the McAfee Products Removal Tool then reboot the computer and confirm that Windows defender is enabled then update Defender's definitions in the PC Status tab Update.
In your case I don't know what make computer you have or anti-virus you have but maybe you can disable the anti-virus for 10/15 minutes and try to start Defender on the Task Bar under Services. I tried that but mine was completely BLOCKED because of McAfee. Yours might be different?
I had Avast on my old computer and I could run Windows Defender every day without any problems! Defender is a WONDERFUL tool to use. The SECURITY on the new computers is more difficult to work with. I don't like Windows 8.1 and they removed the START MENU!
If your problem is solved already all this information is useful to remember! You Never Now?
This a list of malware removal tools: Good Luck!.............Mike
http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/protect/wiki/mse-protect\_start/list-of-anti-malware-product-removal-tools/2bcb53f7-7ab4-4ef9-ab3a-6aebfa322f75