Lost Instagram 2FA after changing iPhones – Can Microsoft Authenticator codes be recovered?

I previously used Microsoft Authenticator on an old iPhone that I no longer have. I believe my Instagram account’s 2FA was stored in Microsoft Authenticator, and I now need the authenticator code to regain access to my Instagram account.

I have a new iPhone using the same Apple/iCloud account as my previous phone, and Microsoft Authenticator is currently connected to iCloud.

I have already deleted and reinstalled Microsoft Authenticator to attempt a recovery. After reinstalling, only my Microsoft account appeared. My Instagram entry and its 6-digit authenticator code did not return.

Microsoft Support told me that Authenticator cannot browse or restore older versions of a backup and that only the currently available backup can be restored.

Is there any other way to recover my old Instagram 2FA entry, or the Authenticator data needed to generate my Instagram codes again, from my previous iPhone/iCloud backup?

My goal is to restore the Authenticator entry so I can generate a valid 2FA code and regain access to my Instagram account. I understand that Microsoft cannot reset Instagram’s 2FA itself.