A Microsoft file hosting and synchronization service.
Hello. The AI response is correct about S mode, but before switching out of S mode I'd like to check the original problem that caused you to uninstall OneDrive.
Do you remember what the “Bad Image” message said? In particular, was there a file name ending in .dll or an error code such as 0xc000012f or 0xc0000020?
Also, please press Windows key + R, type winver, and tell me the Windows 11 version and build number shown.
Finally, go to Settings > System > Activation and check whether Windows specifically says it is running in S mode.