I reset my phone, and now im stuck in an infinite loop when trying to sign into the authenticator

I recently had to reset my phone due to a repair, and now I can’t access Microsoft Authenticator. When I try to sign into authenticator, I get stuck in a loop: it asks me to approve the sign‑in using Authenticator itself(!), but I can’t get into Authenticator because I’m locked out.

When I choose an alternative verification method (SMS or email), I receive the code and then get prompted to reset my password. After resetting it, I’m taken back to the login screen, enter the new password… and it immediately asks me to approve the sign‑in with Authenticator again. I’m stuck in this cycle and can’t get past it.

I didn’t realise I needed to back up Authenticator itself, so I don’t have a backup to restore from. I need help breaking out of this loop and regaining access to my account.