Microsoft 365 features that help users manage their subscriptions, account settings, and billing information.
I experienced the same problem (an infinite loop at various stages) on two different accounts after I needed to restore my phone. In both cases, the admin of each account had to delete my access and issue me a new QR code, as nothing else seemed to help. Essentially, I had to follow the same procedure I used when access to my accounts via Microsoft Authenticator was initially set up a couple of years ago. In one case, the infinite loop while registering a Microsoft account was resolved by using the browser in private mode. Otherwise, the browser kept using the old access data, leading to an infinite loop.