A question that might lead someone to the resolution...
I have decided to solve this after over a year of waiting for a solution by manually downloading the update package and installing it myself manually.
I notice that the MS server is exactly the same one referenced in my logs when I try to auto-update - that makes sense - you would store the latest update at a location on the MS server and whether it was MAU downloading it or you were using a link to download
off the MS update webpage it would be the same link for the package.
But here's the curious thing that might tell us something about the problem...
The package when manually downloaded works. You start it and all of the applications - Word, Excel, Powerpoint, etc. all download and install no problem.
So the primary package - the one that's the same - downloads and installs fine.
Only the MAU downloads this package - the same package that works - does the process derail.
So that tells me that something about how MAU handles the setup of the update is the problem.
Now I have observed before when watching MAU work that it downloads one program/application at a time then tries to checksum the download to make sure it's OK, gets an error, and scrubs that download, goes on to the next, sees the same issue, and never really
registers that the download of any app is OK and can be installed. In other words, the logs demonstrate there is an error in downloading each app according to MAU.
Now MS thinks this is an Apple problem. And many people have fixed this by creating a new user - unfortunately that has not worked for me - I've created several new users following the procedure (I'm sorry it's been so long I cannot credit the contributor
of this without much work so excuse me) that was used successfully by another user. So for those who haven't fixed this with something that apparently points to Apple, I'm going to suggest that the MAU programming is still on the table.
I know - bold assertion, but I've seen worse ones that turned out to be true as a systems engineer and programming manager and I think the above description would bear looking into - any user who discovered the problem with MAU would be a defacto user hero.