Using classic Outlook for Windows in business environments
Windows *was* completely up to date, when the error first appeared; in fact, I had correlated the problem with the three July updates to Windows 8.1. I backed out those updates, but no change; (*sigh*). They're ready to get applied again when I reboot.
I left 2SV on after I set an app password, to no avail. But Diane's article says my version of Outlook will work fine w/o 2SV and an App PW, so I've since backed them out for both my GWA account and my GMail account.
I only run Symantec Endpoint, which I temporarily disabled as a test, again, to no avail. I don't have any other AV (e.g., Defender) enabled. The firewall is obviously not implicated, since test messages are sent/returned to my inbox.
I'll review those other articles, thanks.