Using classic Outlook for Windows in business environments
Though I solved the problem I had to add the gmail account (as I have in years past) as a generic imap account. Though when I first installed Outlook and it ran the accounts wizard, Google mail was a choice (as described the link you provided) it does not appear if you want to add an account to a list of existing accounts in Outlook.
For that you just have to set up 2 factor authentication in Gmail to open up the ability to add an App password. Add the gmail account in Outlook using the imap choice. You'll see the Google authentication box (one time) where you put in the gmail password (what you'd use at gmail.com to see your mail) and get prompted for the 2nd authentication. Do that and the account will be installed. The next time you restart Outlook you'll get an incorrect password for that account. This time add the App password you created, different from your gmail login password, and you'll be troubled no further.
Hope it helps.