Using classic Outlook for Windows in business environments
I had this same problem using outlook webmail through a work account. I use a Mac. In order to access the work system I have to use it in Safari or I can't penetrate the security "wall". This means I have no options and very little control over anything to do with Outlook, MS Teams, etc. (which are also clearly not designed to be properly compatible with Apple products).
For me, the issue started a couple of days ago. I would open an email and it would immediately pop open a window as if I wanted to print. As others here have experienced, due to this I couldn't access attachments. At first, I was able to double click or click on it and it would go away and I could access the email in its "natural" form with attachments if there were any.
Then, today I couldn't escape it. It would pop open and I literally had to refresh the browser, but it would still pop up the "printable" email.
So I tried the suggestions at the beginning of this email discussion thread and also found them inapplicable in the sense that the interface on my outlook didn't mirror or permit following the suggested steps to fix it.
I clicked on the settings wheel in the upper right hand corner and went to "Layout." I tried the suggestion of moving the reading pane to the bottom, or hiding it. Then reverting it to the right side. This didn't work.
I then tried working on the pop ups through the Safari browser, but that didn't help.
So I went back to the "Layout" interface in Outlook and I unchecked and rechecked each of the options below the reading pane option, and somehow this ended up working.
I know this worked because I wasn't actually sure which check/uncheck worked, so I tried to go back and recreate the problem of the big pop up appearing, so I could share the fix here.
However, when I tried to recreate the problem, I couldn't! Therefore, I recommend trying this - tick and untick all the options under Reading Pane, including turning off animations, whatever that means!
And yes, agreed with others, clearly this is a bug that MS is not fixing for whatever reason.