outlook.live.com quick actions moved to far right of email and I can't move them back beside Sender/From and Subject.

I don't want to steal Ross Duran's thunder since they were the one who originally came up with this fix. Basically his fix is just a javascript which runs and moves the "containers" (DIV tags) that the move and delete buttons are under to a different location (being back to the original location). It's based on the CSS style tag that's applied to these "containers". Unfortunately MS updated these tags and they are pretty randomly named.

Anyways, full steps which I had taken:

1. Install the Tampermonkey extension in your browser (I am using Edge since it's a MS product so Outlook will probably be more supported in it in general). You should be able to find it in the extensions store for the browser (In Edge you can go to the 3 dots>Extensions, then click the "Get extensions for Microsoft Edge" button and search/install the Tampermonkey one.
2. Once installed, click the Details for Tampermonkey in the Extensions tab and then "Extension Options". This should bring up the Tampermonkey settings interface.
3. If you've already setup the script it'll be under "Installed Userscripts" tab (You can edit the existing script by clicking the edit button beside the trashcan icon). If you haven't, then click the + to the left of that tab.
4. Copy and paste the following code, then save the changes via File>Save. The name of the script and such is in the first few lines (which are comments) in case you want to rename it. I had also copied the additional external requirement and put it in the script since that way it's all self-contained.
5. Once saved, refresh Outlook's page if you have it open. That should move the icons over again.

Again, all credit goes to Ross Duran who originally came up with the code/process. I just updated the tags to get it working again.

// ==UserScript==
// @name       outlook quick actions hotfix
// @namespace  www.rossdoran.com
// @version    0.1
// @description  m$.gfy
// @match      https://outlook.office.com/mail/*
// @require http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.2/jquery.min.js
// @run-at document-start
// ==/UserScript==

// custom style

 $('head').append('');

waitForKeyElements(".UWVIR", moveQuickActions);

waitForKeyElements(".QpoLy", moveDeleteAction); // comment out this line to keep the delete quick action on the right

function moveDeleteAction(elem)
{
    var elem = $(elem);
    var parent = elem.parent();

    if (parent.length > 0)
    {
    var newParent = parent.find(".xxeTh.XG5Jd");

    if (newParent.length > 0 && !elem.hasClass("delete-hidden"))
    {
        var clone = elem.clone();

        clone.appendTo(newParent);
        elem.addClass("delete-hidden");

        let rightDeleteAction = elem;

        clone.click(function(e)
        {
            rightDeleteAction.click();

            e.preventDefault();
            return false;
        });

    }

    }
}

function moveQuickActions(elem)
{
    var elem = $(elem);
    var parent = elem.parent().parent();
    if (parent.length > 0)
    {
    var newParent = parent.find(".xxeTh.XG5Jd");

    if (newParent.length > 0)
        elem.detach().appendTo(newParent);
    }
}

/*--- waitForKeyElements():  A utility function, for Greasemonkey scripts,
    that detects and handles AJAXed content.

    Usage example:

        waitForKeyElements (
            "div.comments"
            , commentCallbackFunction
        );

        //--- Page-specific function to do what we want when the node is found.
        function commentCallbackFunction (jNode) {
            jNode.text ("This comment changed by waitForKeyElements().");
        }

    IMPORTANT: This function requires your script to have loaded jQuery.
*/
function waitForKeyElements (
    selectorTxt,    /* Required: The jQuery selector string that
                        specifies the desired element(s).
                    */
    actionFunction, /* Required: The code to run when elements are
                        found. It is passed a jNode to the matched
                        element.
                    */
    bWaitOnce,      /* Optional: If false, will continue to scan for
                        new elements even after the first match is
                        found.
                    */
    iframeSelector  /* Optional: If set, identifies the iframe to
                        search.
                    */
) {
    var targetNodes, btargetsFound;

    if (typeof iframeSelector == "undefined")
        targetNodes     = $(selectorTxt);
    else
        targetNodes     = $(iframeSelector).contents ()
                                           .find (selectorTxt);

    if (targetNodes  &&  targetNodes.length > 0) {
        btargetsFound   = true;
        /*--- Found target node(s).  Go through each and act if they
            are new.
        */
        targetNodes.each ( function () {
            var jThis        = $(this);
            var alreadyFound = jThis.data ('alreadyFound')  ||  false;

            if (!alreadyFound) {
                //--- Call the payload function.
                var cancelFound     = actionFunction (jThis);
                if (cancelFound)
                    btargetsFound   = false;
                else
                    jThis.data ('alreadyFound', true);
            }
        } );
    }
    else {
        btargetsFound   = false;
    }

    //--- Get the timer-control variable for this selector.
    var controlObj      = waitForKeyElements.controlObj  ||  {};
    var controlKey      = selectorTxt.replace (/[^\w]/g, "_");
    var timeControl     = controlObj [controlKey];

    //--- Now set or clear the timer as appropriate.
    if (btargetsFound  &&  bWaitOnce  &&  timeControl) {
        //--- The only condition where we need to clear the timer.
        clearInterval (timeControl);
        delete controlObj [controlKey]
    }
    else {
        //--- Set a timer, if needed.
        if ( ! timeControl) {
            timeControl = setInterval ( function () {
                    waitForKeyElements (    selectorTxt,
                                            actionFunction,
                                            bWaitOnce,
                                            iframeSelector
                                        );
                },
                300
            );
            controlObj [controlKey] = timeControl;
        }
    }
    waitForKeyElements.controlObj   = controlObj;
}

Is there a version of your instructions "for dummies"?

As a former programmer I can guess how this happened - MS outsourced the email system to another country, different cultures have a different way of looking at things. What they see as logical may not be for an American.

MS gave the contractor an email modification project, the contractor completed it, MS signed off on it and it went into production. The contractor's staff went onto their next project and there was no facility to go back and make changes. So no one at MS cared to read the responses.

Just a guess, but we know companies outsource offshore to save money and the customer sucks it up.

I was hoping for a longer script.

I totally get/understand outsourcing. I guess my disappointment lies with the obvious across-the-board dislike of the change being documented here, on Microsoft's own Community forum, but yet there has been no official reply/response. While we aren't exactly sure of how this community forum works behind-the-scenes, we do however know that there are Moderators reading it as there have been 2 or 3 jump-ins from them on this (now) 37 page thread. Ergo someone in an official capacity is involved to some extent, but apparently not enough to make any type of difference as to when/if it ever actually gets escalated to the appropriate Development team. In addition, hundreds of us submitted official Feedback on the issue, per the Moderator's suggestion, until finally that option (the ability to submit feedback) was removed. That, to me, was the worst part as it was a clear indication that they just don't care.