I have been exploring options for this problem for 3 months, since I got an Android phone. Not as long as some, but long enough. Karl Timmermans and his colleagues are working hard to answer people's questions, but the simple fact is that there is no integrated
solution for Outlook and Android phones. Or for Apple phones, presumably. By integrated I mean the kind of solution we've had with Outlook on a PC for years. I have checked many of the suggested fixes, and they all tend to solve one isolated problem, and
only the ones that are easy to do. Outlook on Android is a simple email client. I now use it as a monitor only, meaning I control and file all my email in Outlook on my PC as always, and my Android phone just picks up copies so I can be alerted to and deal
with any urgent situations. I delete the rest. It's annoying, but not as frustrating as trying to make Android work 'properly'.
As an old-school Engineer, I simply expected Apple and Android to provide solutions, but it appears that in this new social-media driven mobile digital age, email in Outlook and Exchange is considered a dinosaur not worth saving.
But there's good news. Microsoft is now selling a Nokia Lumia 650 phoneunlocked (meaning any phone network can add the 650 by just putting in your phone #), in US and Canada, with Windows 10, Office and Outlook installed. for just $199. That means you can
give away or sell your Galaxy phone and have a PC-like experience for a relative pittance. Check out Lumia phones in the Microsoft store. One presumes that new versions of the higher-power models are on the way, but for me, the 650 is feature-laden and will
do anything I need. I'm told that Outlook synchronization with Office 365 comes for free. Perhaps someone who has one will advise us about that.
Microsoft has become the new IBM. If you want a system that actually works, go to the system supplier. Us old guys can remember pre-PC when that was IBM. Today it's Microsoft.