There is a fix/workaround found for this. What is causing the issue is a leftover defender folder:
C:\Windows\System32\SecurityHealth\1.0.210927002-0
See:
https://www.elevenforum.com/t/app-browser-control-section-is-completely-missing-from-windows-security-center.6725/page-2#post-148001
I deleted this folder from the recovery command prompt from my 22000 windows 11 and was able to update to the latest beta and retain "App and Browser Control". I am on 22622.436 now.
In that thread one person said it worked for them deleting it from the beta, but that did not work for another. It definitely works deleting it in 22000.xxx prior to updating to the 22622 beta (or release preview)
Anyhow that is the source of the issue and a fix.