I can confirm that this is still happening after the patch Tuesday updates as well. 6/13/2023 updates did not fix the issue.
For fun, I asked Bing ChatBot about it, here is the response:
I found a few articles that discuss the issue you are experiencing. According to one of the articles I found, Windows 11 KB5025239, a mandatory security patch, is causing issues for some users. The problems range from File Explorer (explorer.exe) crashes to icons disappearing from the desktop to performance issues and even SSD slowdown^1^.
I couldn’t find any evidence of Microsoft admitting it is an issue or speaking to address the issue. However, there are some fixes that you can try. One of the users on the forum thread you shared suggested performing a clean boot on your device first. By performing a clean boot, this is a mode of disabling third-party services or software, which could help rule out the interference of these elements^2^.
I hope this helps!
Disclaimer, This is from Bing... Not me.