I'm also experiencing this failure issue from Windows update.
Having looked through the CBS logs I can see that the x64 version of the update is using the amd64 architecture to perform the installation. I have an Intel i5-13600K CPU.
I have taken the x64 installer from the Microsoft Update Catalog and found that it also tries to install for the amd64 architecture.
Hope this helps identify the issue and root cause in the update.
Download link for CBS logs, systeminfo, and analysis:
https://www.dropbox.com/s/mo78yaawt8lup99/KB5022834%20install%20failure%20analysis.zip?dl=0
2023-02-24 12:05:22, Info CBS Adding an owner for inf: usbxhci.inf, arch: amd64, hash: +3JV2xdRoUCYkbcF1afHH36eEAtqpcClJzqHg/NMi8s=, owner: Microsoft-Windows-Client-Desktop-Required-Package05110~31bf3856ad364e35~amd64~~10.0.19041.2604~7D10AD543E96E47608426F3F459B84DB8C827BFF59C3C319CE3A26695A8552C6
...
2023-02-24 12:05:22, Info CBS Perf: Doqe: Install started.
2023-02-24 12:05:22, Info CBS Doqe: [Forward] Installing driver updates, Count 365
2023-02-24 12:05:22, Info CBS Startup: Changing logon timeout to a sliding window timeout: 900000
2023-02-24 12:05:22, Info CBS Progress: UI message updated. Operation type: Update. Stage: 1 out of 1. Percent progress: 7.
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS INSTALL index: 67, phase: 1, result 0, inf: multiprt.inf
...
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS INSTALL index: 707, phase: 2, result 0, inf: usbstor.inf
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS INSTALL index: 708, phase: 2, result 13, inf: usbxhci.inf
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS Doqe: Recording result: 0x8007000d, for Inf: usbxhci.inf
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS DriverUpdateInstallUpdates failed [HRESULT = 0x8007000d - ERROR_INVALID_DATA]
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS Doqe: Failed installing driver updates [HRESULT = 0x8007000d - ERROR_INVALID_DATA]
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS Perf: Doqe: Install ended.
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS Failed installing driver updates [HRESULT = 0x8007000d - ERROR_INVALID_DATA]
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Error CBS Startup: Failed while processing non-critical driver operations queue. [HRESULT = 0x8007000d - ERROR_INVALID_DATA]
2023-02-24 12:05:23, Info CBS Startup: Rolling back KTM, because drivers failed.