As many others here I have recently experienced the same issue with a Logitech C925e webcam. I did find a workaround from another website whereby you go to Device Manager, find the webcam under the "Sound, video and game controllers", right click and select Update Driver and then on the next window instead of selecting the usual "Search automatically for drivers" select Browse my computer for drivers". Next then select "Let me pick from a list of available drivers on my computer" which when I carried this out there was only one, "USB Audio Device". Clicked Next and installed successfully. After a short period of time the audio options where then available for other audio devices from the speaker icon bottom right hand corner.
The problem with this is it is not a permit solution and requires the same steps carrying out every time the machine is started after closing down.
Plus I have also noticed today that as soon as I started a Teams meeting it all went wrong again.
Expanding on the last comment, the first time I noticed the issue with no audio drivers available was when I started up Teams about 3 to 4 weeks ago and also today when I went into a new Teams meeting with the Logitech webcam plugged in, it went wrong again. I have noticed that Teams has changed, so I wonder if the problem is related to "Teams" as part of a recent update.
UPDATE: Following on from the original post, I am not sure that this is all of the issue. But having noted that "Microsoft Teams for work and school" was updated to "New", narrative on the icon, after uninstalling this Teams and then reinstalling the Classic version, once I had updated the Audio driver as noted above, my system is now working correctly at the moment. This follows one new login this morning and one restart to double check if it retained the audio driver.