Jan SL,
I briefed through the first and last page of your thread, so may have missed something, but I'm wondering if by any chance you might have any sort of external USB device attached to your device either intermittently or all the time?
The reason I ask is because the following 2 articles I'll reference both discuss a known issue with manufacturer's implementations of a Windows Hello Fingerprint reader that was discovered by a research group at Microsoft's request and published after they presented at Microsoft's BlueHat conference last October, with these articles coming out in late November.
Security Researchers Have Bypassed Windows Hello Fingerprint Login
Microsoft’s Windows Hello fingerprint authentication has been bypassed - The Verge
Though the articles are somewhat technical, the key item I noticed is that their MitM attack used an added USB device to simulate being a fingerprint reader device, which since the manufacturer's didn't properly code to check for this possibility, apparently allowed the researchers to trick Windows Hello into thinking the USB code was supporting additional fingerprint data (and possibly another reader, I'm not certain from the articles), but the key issue being they managed to bypass Windows Hello using these various tricks.
Based on this, I'm wondering if maybe the LG implementation of Windows Hello is simply so bad that it not only allows something similar to the above, but the mere fact that some sort of external USB device like a flash drive, or maybe an external mouse or other interface that also requires a driver, is being confused and thus read instead of the fingerprint reader, resulting in a false trigger and Windows Hello acceptance of that other USB connected device as if it were the fingerprint reader itself.
So, since you're having some discussions with others with similar issues lately, I thought I'd chime in with this potential idea, since based on your lack of success so far and what I just read in those articles above, I suspect this is something at least as badly implemented in hardware and software as those articles describe.
If you do have such an externally attached USB device, I'd suggest removing it temporarily, if possible, to see whether the issue goes away, and if so, whether reintroduction of the device makes the problem return. If it does, I'd still leave the fingerprint reader disabled in Windows Hello, but at least you'd know what causes it and could report both here and to LG Support via their forums as well in order to get them looking into a potential software fix with Microsoft if that's possible.
Rob