That's interesting, though to be clear, I think this might have been fixed on the quiet by Microsoft with their recent updates, there's been several lately.
As I said previously, although I did suffer from these regular disconnects when using data devices, my recent tests of all USB sockets on my PC, both front & back, revealed that the problems had gone away and only one USB socket on my front mounted hub was faulty! Ironically, although producing the exact same disconnect symptoms, it had nothing to do with the issue mentioned in this thread, it was merely a coincidence, call it a red herring if you will.
Shortly after that, I discovered that whilst using the one remaining 'good' USB socket in my front hub, that I wasn't able to permanently delete files from my USB thumb drive. Pressing DELETE or 'SHIFT-DELETE' did nothing. I then discovered that stopping Edge from running in the background in Task Manager once again allowed me to delete my files. I have since disabled Edge from Startup as a precautionary measure.
If as you say; "Yep, can confirm: I've used a different browser all day and haven't had the issue once" This could be just coincidence too, either that, or I got lucky and Edge is the culprit.