This is really crazy. I have ASUS UX ultabook and since 1809 I have 2 problems. One is SIMILAR to this. The difference is that the slider is NOT at 50%, the slider is at 100% but the brightness is at approx 50% !!!
I tried updating the driver for Intel, NVidia, I even installed insider's preview of Windows but the issue remains!
The thing is that when I turn the notebook on, the display is at 100% on lock screen. As soon as I logon, it is reduced to like 50% and it can be adjusted, but the maximum brightness is not 100%!
The other problem is that sleep mode doesn't work, but that is for another topic...