I've had this problem since the first day I bought my laptop (ASUS ZenBook UX510 with 4K display) which was about 2 years ago (I even posted a question here, which you mentioned and linked to).
Unfortunately, they've done nothing about it, even when they foud out that even their own devices (Surface Book 2, etc.) have this problem.
I'm really frustrated, I don't know what else to do to fix this problem.
I think the reason behind this problem comes down to the fact that Intel onboard graphics cards do not have enough power to handle animations on high-resolution displays; however, if that's true, it'd be such a shame for Intel and even the manufacturers.
I'm really exhausted by this, most people don't care or they don't notice this issue in their devices, or they even think that it's normal! So they don't complain about it, and therefore Microsoft and Intel don't care either.
Please if you are someone in charge and can help us, don't hesitate, it'd be highly appreciated.
I don't think it's the Intel graphics, it's down to the optimisations and pure arrogant laziness of Microsoft. Because of all these issues I switched to a Macbook, it started to interfere with my work severely and ended up costing me a lot of money. What I can see is that the UI on a Mac is super fluid and smooth with all the same transparency effects and animations on the same high resolution displays with the same integrated intel graphics. Proof that it can be done.
I just can't believe that they can sell a 3000€ product like the Surface Book 2 and that I need to spend more time troubleshooting the damn thing than working on it. I can't describe how refreshing it was to just open a Macbook out of the box, make one update, install the software and start working.
With the Surface book 2 15" the experience was first install 4 updates, then the software, then you realise that everything is lagging unbearably, then you spend 4h on the internet looking for a solution, you realise there is none, spend another week trying to make it work, then the GPU starts disconnecting, then you play a 4k video and the fans starts screaming like a plane taking off, the pen is jittery and offset 2mm from the tip when you touch the display, GPU disconnects again in the middle of work crashing everything. At that point you take that thing back because you paid an obnoxious amount of money for it, and cross to the enemy side because there is no other choice left.