I've got the exact same issue as everyone's described, with the issue persisting from 10 to 11 (with a fresh install on a wiped drive).
ASUS Zephyrus G15 GA503QR, bought a month or so ago.
A large part of the OS is unusable during this issue, which usually persists for a few minutes. Restarting explorer.exe fixes the start menu, search, and windows app issues.
Microsoft Teams and Discord are disconnected as if there was no internet while this issue persists (usually a few minutes), they both run bundled JavaScript frameworks run on the Chrome V8 engine (Angular and Electron respectively). Restarting doesn't always seem to fix it, or only temporarily fixes it.
Firefox is also effected but in a weird way - searching using the URL bar with my default SE as DuckDuckGo, it won't load the result until I load another website (i.e Microsoft.com) in a new tab.
Steam (gaming platform app) webpages don't load at all, displaying an "error -301" message which seems like an internal error code that's not documented, as I can't figure out what it means.
Usual troubleshooting steps followed. It don't think it could be the network adapter or driver given this happens on both ethernet and wifi, and other apps do stay connected to the internet, pinging any known active IP works.