Try these checks in order:
- Make sure the external camera is connected directly to the PC, not through a USB hub if possible. If it is USB, try a different USB port.
- Check whether another app is already using the camera. Close video apps, browsers, instant messengers, video editing apps, or virtual camera software.
- In Windows, go to Start > Settings > Privacy & security > Camera and make sure Camera access and Let apps access your camera are turned On.
- Open the camera troubleshooter through the Get Help app. It can automatically run diagnostics and fix many camera issues.
- Open Device Manager and check whether the camera appears under Cameras or Imaging devices. If it appears but is disabled, enable it.
- If the camera is missing or has a warning symbol in Device Manager, reinstall or update the camera driver.
- If the camera preview is black, check for a physical privacy shutter or privacy setting on the camera and open or disable it.
If the camera still does not display an image after these steps, test it in another app and, if possible, on another PC to confirm whether the issue is with Windows or the external camera hardware.