Hello Shahab Moradi,
Based on the testing described, I think the issue related to KB5120233 rather than to the DHCP Server itself. And after checking August 11, 2026—KB5120233 (OS Build 26100.33296)with Windows Server 2025 known issues and notifications website, Microsoft does not list any issue matching these symptoms among the documented known issues for this update.
I would recommend testing the current September 2026 cumulative update, KB5122871 (OS Build 26100.33438), on one non-production server to see if the issue exist. However, I could not find documentation stating that KB5122871 specifically fixes this issue, so I would not deploy it officially without testing.
Also, reviewing the System and Security event logs on both machines for RPC, DCOM, Kerberos, NTLM, LSA, SCM may provide more information about which component is rejecting or failing the remote request.