A Microsoft file hosting and synchronization service.
This can happen if OneDrive temporarily loses track of the existing Camera Roll backup, causing it to re-index the photos and upload them again.
Since you have never used Samsung Gallery Sync, the Gallery Sync changes should not be the cause. Before changing the backup settings or reinstalling OneDrive, check that the existing photos are already present in OneDrive and that the correct folders are still selected for backup.
If OneDrive continues re-uploading the same photos, try updating the app and restarting the backup process. If the issue persists, it may require investigation by Microsoft Support.