The fact that A and B can see each other, B can access A, and C can access both A and B suggests this is not a general network discovery issue, but a one-way SMB communication problem between A and B.
Since the issue appears after sleep/wake and resolves temporarily after updates, I'd check:
- From A, try accessing B using
\\B-IP-Address\ShareNameinstead of\\ComputerName\ShareName. If the IP works but the computer name does not, it points to a name resolution issue. - On B, verify that the Function Discovery Provider Host, Function Discovery Resource Publication, SSDP Discovery, and UPnP Device Host services are running.
- Clear any saved credentials for B in Credential Manager on A and reconnect.
- When the issue occurs, confirm B's network profile is still set to Private and that File and Printer Sharing remains allowed through Windows Defender Firewall.
Can you also provide the Windows 11 version/build number on all three PCs, and whether file sharing is using local user accounts/passwords or password-protected sharing is disabled? That may help narrow down the cause.