Solved
Turns out it was Filter keys, filtering out all of my keys, for some reason.
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I bought my Surface Pro 9 a couple of years ago in New Zealand, since then I moved to Japan. I bought a new replacement keyboard for same device after my previous one stopped working and the mousepad and function keys (vol up, brightness etc) function but typing doesn't work. When I press a key it makes a tiny click sound from the speakers, but that is it.
To try solve this I have cleaned the contacts, done a full restart, uninstalled and reinstalled the keyboard drivers, changed system languages, booted in UEFI mode, reinstalled the OS, but still the same issue persists. The function key lights up when pressed, but the Caps key only lights up in UEFI mode.
Is there anything I can do to fix this issue, a combination of settings or a specific driver?
Solved
Turns out it was Filter keys, filtering out all of my keys, for some reason.
AI answer
Since typing still does not work after cleaning contacts, force restart, driver reinstall, language changes, UEFI testing, and even reinstalling Windows, the remaining supported conclusion is a hardware issue rather than a settings or driver issue.
What the current symptoms indicate:
Based on the described behavior:
That points away from a language/layout problem and away from a Windows driver problem.
Recommended next steps:
There is no supported context indicating a special Japanese-versus-English driver combination for Surface Pro Signature Keyboard that would fix this scenario. The documented path is software verification through Surface app and UEFI, then service if the keyboard still does not function.
References: