Since you're coming from SteamOS, you should delete all the partitions on the SSD until it shows as one large Unallocated Space, then select that space and let the Windows installer create the partitions automatically.
If you still get the same error after that, recreate the Windows installation USB using Microsoft's Media Creation Tool, as the original USB may be outdated. Also make sure UEFI boot mode is enabled in the BIOS and CSM/Legacy Boot is disabled. Those are the most common causes of this error.