Windows Insider build expiration is intended to affect preview build validity and update eligibility, not immediate access to your account or files. If build 26300.8772 still boots after August 11, 2026, you should still be able to sign in and access your existing Windows installation.
The main concern is remaining on an expired Insider build for an extended period, which can eventually lead to expiration-related warnings and other build expiration behavior. Updating to a newer build such as 26300.9032 (which includes the renewed certificate) is recommended before the expiration date.
As a precaution, make sure any important data is backed up when using Insider Preview builds.