Surface laptop 1st generation not powering on

A solid white charger light means the Surface detects the power supply. In that case, the next checks are for startup or battery detection rather than the charger itself.

Try this in order:

1. Disconnect everything from the Surface.
   • Remove any USB devices, SD cards, external monitors, Type Cover, and disconnect it from any Surface Dock.
   • Accessories can prevent startup.
2. Charge it with the Surface power supply for at least 15 minutes.
   • Since the charger light is solid white, leave it connected, then close and reopen the lid or keyboard and press the power button.
3. Try the wake shortcut.
   • If a keyboard is connected or integrated, press Windows logo key + Ctrl + Shift + B.
4. Force a restart.
   • Press and hold the power button until the logo screen appears (about 20 seconds).
5. If it still does not start, the charger is less likely to be the problem.
   • A solid white light with no power-on points to the Surface itself, or possibly the battery/startup path.
6. If Windows does start later but the battery shows an X and the device turns off when unplugged, start a service request.
7. If the Surface remains completely unresponsive after the steps above, use Surface service options.

References:

• Surface won’t turn on or start
• What to do if your Surface power supply or charger doesn’t work
• Surface battery won’t charge or Surface won’t run on battery
• Force a shutdown and restart your Surface