Hi Laura Hays,
Thank you for providing those details. Since the usual display scaling and text size adjustments have already been covered, here are a few additional things you can try.
First, restart Windows Explorer, as it controls the desktop, taskbar, and File Explorer. Sometimes display settings do not apply correctly until Explorer is restarted. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc to open Task Manager, locate Windows Explorer under Processes, right-click it, and select Restart.
If the issue started recently, especially after a Windows or graphics driver update, it may be worth checking the graphics driver. Open Device Manager, expand Display adapters, then right-click your graphics adapter and select Update driver. If the problem began after a recent driver update, open Properties > Driver and check whether the Roll Back Driver option is available.
If the issue still occurs, it may be worth testing with a new Windows user profile. Go to Settings > Accounts > Other users > Add account, select "I don't have this person's sign-in information", then choose "Add a user without a Microsoft account." Create a temporary local account and sign in to it. If the text and icon labels appear normal in the new profile, the problem may be related to settings specific to your current user profile rather than Windows itself.
To help narrow this down further, could you let me know whether the tiny text appears only in File Explorer, on desktop icons, in the taskbar or throughout Windows? Also, please share your winver information by pressing Windows + R, typing winver and clicking OK.
Once you've had a chance to try these steps, feel free to share the results along with your winver information and I'll be happy to look into this further.
If you have extra questions about this answer, please click "Comment".
Note: Please follow the steps in our documentation to enable e-mail notifications if you want to receive the related email notification for this thread.