Hello marygauxlightly,
Thank you for the update. I also noticed the AI-generated answer. Those steps mainly apply when the affected mailbox is Outlook.com, Hotmail, Live, MSN, or Microsoft 365.
Since your address is @icloud.com and the same password reset message does not appear in Apple Mail either, this does not look specific to Outlook for Mac. Outlook can only show messages that are received and synced from the mail provider.
If Apple confirms the messages are present in iCloud Mail but still missing only in Outlook for Mac, please update this thread so the Outlook sync side can be reviewed.