On a Windows PC, resetting back to a “factory-like” state is done using the Reset/Recovery options built into Windows or by reinstalling Windows. The exact steps in the context apply to Windows 10/11, but the same concepts apply:
- Back up important files first (documents, photos, etc.). Reset/reinstall can remove apps and settings, and depending on the option, personal files as well.
- Open the Recovery options:
- In newer Windows: Start > Settings > System > Recovery (or in Windows 10: Settings > Update & Security > Recovery).
- On Windows 7–era devices, the equivalent is usually a vendor-specific “factory restore” option accessed at boot (for example, a function key like F9/F11/F12) or recovery software preinstalled by the PC manufacturer.
- Use “Reset this PC” (or the OEM’s factory restore) and choose:
- Keep my files (refresh-style reset): reinstalls Windows, removes apps and settings, keeps personal files.
- Remove everything (full reset): reinstalls Windows and removes all personal files, apps, and settings. Use this when preparing to give away or sell the PC.
- If available, choose how Windows is reinstalled:
- Cloud download: downloads a fresh copy of Windows.
- Local reinstall: uses files already on the PC.
If built-in reset options are not available or are damaged, Windows can be reinstalled using installation media (USB/DVD):
- Create Windows installation media.
- Boot from that media and run setup.
- During setup, choose what to keep:
- Keep personal files and apps
- Keep personal files only
- Keep nothing (for a clean factory-like reinstall).
During any reset or reinstall, the PC may restart several times and show a black screen for extended periods; do not power it off manually while the process is running.
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