Sending, receiving, and organizing email in Outlook.com
If you can send email successfully but cannot receive any email, and the same problem happens on your laptop, new computer, and phone, I would focus on the Outlook.com account/mailbox rather than troubleshooting the individual devices.
A few things to check:
- Check your mailbox storage. If your Microsoft cloud/mailbox storage is full, Outlook.com may stop receiving new messages.
- Search All folders. Search for a recent sender or subject and check Inbox, Junk Email, Deleted Items, Archive, and any custom folders. Also check the other tab if Focused Inbox is enabled.
- Check Rules. In Outlook.com, go to Settings → Mail → Rules. Make sure there isn't a rule automatically moving or deleting incoming messages.
- Check Forwarding. Go to Settings → Mail → Forwarding and make sure messages aren't being forwarded elsewhere.
Check your Blocked and Safe Senders lists. Make sure important senders or domains haven't been blocked.
Test from another email account. Send a simple test message to your Outlook address from Gmail or another independent account. Note the exact time and whether the sender receives a bounce/error message.
The last test is especially useful. If you can send messages out but nothing from any external sender arrives, even after checking the folders and rules, this is less likely to be a problem with your laptop, phone, or Outlook app. It suggests that the issue needs to be investigated at the Outlook.com account/mailbox or mail-delivery level.
When contacting Microsoft support, give them the details of a specific test message—sender address, recipient address, and exact time sent. That is much more useful for troubleshooting than simply saying "I can't receive email."
For a broader step-by-step checklist covering situations where you can send email but cannot receive it, JustFixEmail also has an independent email troubleshooting resource.