I've finally gotten somewhere after pressing Microsoft. Microsoft support has provided me with a KIR (Known Issue Rollback) which is an MSI installable on Windows Server 2025 specific to the latest cumulative update (KB5087539) from May. This KIR essentially creates a local item in gpedit.msc that you can enable that rolls back the regression for RCG. We are running the latest patch for Windows 11 24H2 and with the KIR applied to the server, we are able to see Kerberos tickets and double-hop network resources.
They're supposed to be available on https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/release-health/status-windows-server-2025 and the specific KIR to look for is "Windows Server 2025 KB5087539 260421_03022 Feature Preview"