Dear Lissa,
Thanks for your updates.
The screenshots seem not to be uploaded fine. They are showed as follows at my side.

The Forms attachments will not automatically be added to the SharePoint Online list. If you are using a personal form, the attachments will be saved in the folder in OneDrive for Business.
If you are using a group form, it will be saved in the folder in SharePoint Online.
Do you mean that you want to aa them to the list as attachments?
Regarding "how can this be accomplished? The data and attachments are being added to the SharePoint List but the attachments are not being added to folders in the SharePoint library. What's missing?", where are the attachments added after running the flow? Could you upload some screenshots for our confirmation? Are there some error messages popped up when you run the flow you created?
Note: Remove any private information before uploading the screenshots.
Welcome to share any updates at your convenience.
Thank you for your effort and time.
Sincerely
Cliff | Microsoft Community Moderator