Using Classic Outlook on Windows for personal email, calendar, and contact management
Just to confirm the same exact experience here - I have been an Exchange Online P1 user for about 10 years at this point and have always been able to connect the mailbox to licensed copies of Outlook, as well as the included Windows mail client for years along with every other mail client going on mobile including Gmail and Apple mail.
For what it's worth, ALL of these mail clients can still connect to my mailbox without issue. So to be clear there is zero technical reason for this now happening.
So - Microsoft are arbitrarily reducing the functionality of their lower paying customers to try and walk you up the subscription tier by almost forcing you to pay for Business Standard or higher because the experience is going to be pretty much useless for 90% of those users.
Exchange Online P1 has for years been a great service at a reasonable cost and many customers of mine use them to provide contractors and other shorter term collaborators access to a valid business email account while they work together. Usually these people have paid Office licenses of their own and they 100% SHOULD NOT need to pay for the license again.
I sincerely hope that Microsoft get a public flogging for this because it is a pure greed move. No technical reason, just making people's experience worse to try and screw more $$$ out of them.
I will be addressing this with my partner managers as well as the MSP I work with because only if enough people push back against these kinds of practises will Microsoft stop abusing their paying clients.