I'm not sure what $dir was in the 1st path you posted.
However, under my AppData folder, I drilled down and found the Microsoft.AAD.BrokerPlugin... folder.
I deleted everything. It didn't allow me to delete everything at first. However, after going all the way to the final folder, I was able to delete the two files, and then all the upward folders until I was able to successfully delete the AAD folder.
Without rebooting, I opened up Outlook 365 and was able to successfully created a new profile to check my 365 mail that I'm able to get successfully on all my other devices.
It's nice to have things finally working again.
Thank you for the AAD folder deletion suggestion. It worked just fine for me.