Using Classic Outlook on Windows for personal email, calendar, and contact management
Michael Sen, authentication issues can be classified as TPM-related when you see such errors: NTE_BAD_KEYSET (80090016) or NTE_DEVICE_NOT_READY (80090030) but it doesn't mean that the root cause is the same when TPM chip gets messed up.
How the device is joined to the cloud and the OS version/updates play an important role while troubleshooting TPM that's why on some devices the issues are fixed using some/same workarounds without the need of extreme measures like manual recovery or reimage (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/office365/troubleshoot/authentication/connection-issue-when-sign-in-office-2016) and on others not. These are of course not the only cases, reasons, error codes.
One question, did clearing TPM ever fixed these issues [Troubleshoot the TPM (Windows 10)
- Microsoft 365 Security | Microsoft Docs](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/information-protection/tpm/initialize-and-configure-ownership-of-the-tpm#clear-all-the-keys-from-the-tpm) ?If it hasn't been tried, it would be helpful to have a confirmation.