Additional features, settings, or issues not covered by specific Microsoft Teams categories
Do you mean you have to leave "System Preferences" open or you have to shut it first before launching Teams?
I had another user try it on a MacBook Pro running the same version of OS, it seems to work if he unticks and re-ticks Microsoft Teams in Security & Privacy --> Privacy --> Screen Recording --> Microsoft Teams, when prompted to do this after starting a video call (screen share). He has to then quit teams and re-launch Teams for it to work, but he seems to have to do this process every time!!
A more concrete solution would be good, not sure if it is Microsoft or Apple breaking this, as it seems to work on older versions of MacOS so it would point to a problem with Catalina.
Thanks,