Originally, I did not get audio when I logged into Microsoft and running Teams from within Office 365.
So I did get Teams working with audio by exiting the call, going into Gmail using Chrome, then opening Teams from Google Calendar just using the meeting link. I guess you can use a meeting link by pasting it into the top of your browser. This uses Teams through Chrome but I do have Teams installed locally. Originally, I had to install Teams during this process of opening the meeting link. It then gave me a choice to open using Browser or opening Teams. I chose Browser and Teams opened, I joined the meeting and got audio.
I think this worked because it was just a different way of entering Teams by just using the meeting link. But you might try some other method of getting into the Teams meeting.