Additional meeting and call-related features and issues within Microsoft Teams for business
So after extensive testing I was unable to replicate the issue even with the original meeting request that caused the issue.
During troubleshooting I did uninstall Teams, renaming all the folders named Teams in the user's appdata folder, this seems to fix most issues with Teams such as the random freezing issues that plagued our company late last year (but seem to have been patched now).
The newly installed version of Teams does seem to look slightly different with a camera icon on meeting requests as opposed to just a Join button.
I also disabled the user's Samsung external sound on their monitor as they are known to cause issues with Windows 10 sometimes.
I have asked for a new meeting request to be setup by the company that we seem to be having the issues with as a means of a test.
I'll report back once this test has been carried out.