Managing sound and video settings during Teams meetings and calls
There are device settings in Teams. There you can check and change, which input (microphone) and output you use.
Try and play with combinations there - for example my Opel provides two outputs: one of them is named headphones, the other one - headset. Only one of them works. Additionally, it still doesn't work when the input is set to car microphone. So the only combination that works for me is Opel headphones as output + computer microphone as input.